Grossman, G.M., Krueger, A.B., 1995. Economic growth and the environment. Q. J. Econ. 110, 353–377.
A discussion of the purpose of sustainability is enriched by this well-known and contested U-shape relationship between economic growth and environmental degradation (Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis or EKC). The relationship between economic growth and degradation appears in more recent literature as well; it is is an excellent way to frame progress and to understand some of the difficulties of global development.
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